Export Controls (ITAR/EAR)
U.S. laws restricting the transfer of certain technologies, data, and items to foreign persons or countries.
Export control regulations, principally ITAR for defense articles and the EAR for dual-use items: restrict sharing controlled technology, technical data, and some research with foreign nationals, even inside the U.S. (deemed exports). Most fundamental research is exempt, but applied, proprietary, or defense-related work may not be.
DoD and other sponsors increasingly flag controlled work, and violations carry criminal and civil penalties, so institutions screen projects, personnel, and shipments.
Export-control violations carry personal criminal liability, so controlled projects need screening before work or travel.
Track this in GrantsManager
GrantsManager gives PIs and administrators one real-time view of proposals, awards, budgets, and compliance, so terms like this stop living in spreadsheets.